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APUSH-17
Industrialization and Corporate Consolidation
Resources:
Urban Crisis: Fire and Water
Relevant transcripts:
The Crisis of Victorianism
Relevant pages:
Relevant interactive tools:
The Search for a Scientific Culture
Relevant pages:
Relevant texts:
Relevant transcripts: Resource Type: E-Seminar By the end of the nineteenth century, science and technology were exerting a tremendous influence on life in the United States. In this second e-seminar of the series, Casey Nelson Blake explores why Darwin's ideas seemed so revolutionary and how Darwinism helped to move the United States toward a more secular and scientific modern culture. Petition to Have the Five Points Opened Resource Type: Primary Source Merchants owning property along the periphery of Five Points petitioned the municipal government in 1829 to demolish the heart of the slum by widening and extending Anthony and Cross Streets. How the Other Half Lives Resource Type: Primary Source Newspaper reporters, such as Jacob Riis (1849–1914), played an instrumental role in exposing the destitution and misery of New York's immigrant and working-class neighborhoods. Evolution and Labor Movements Resource Type: Primary Source In this 1893 magazine, an unknown writer comments on Charles Darwin's theory of evolution as it applied to the labor movement. Turner and the End of the Frontier Resource Type: Primary Source The Doctrine of Separate Spheres Resource Type: Primary Source Men's world: the Chicago Board of Trade, c. 1900. The Physical World Transformed Resource Type: Primary Source The Flatiron Building under construction (c.1902). The Physical World Transformed Resource Type: Primary Source Construction of the Brooklyn Bridge (1875). Intellectual and Cultural History of the United States, 1890-1945—E-Seminar 2, The Search for a Scientific Culture Resource Type: E-Seminar By the end of the nineteenth century, science and technology were exerting a tremendous influence on life in the United States. In this second e-seminar of the series, Casey Nelson Blake explores why Darwin's ideas seemed so revolutionary and how Darwinism helped to move the United States toward a more secular and scientific modern culture. The Environmental Movements Resource Type: Document-Based Question The larger issues of western expansion, industrialization, urbanization, and progressivism are explored in this DBQ on the environmental movements that arose at the end of the nineteenth century. Railroad Ad Resource Type: Primary Source This Northern Pacific Railroad advertisement appeared in a 1900 issue of Harper's Weekly. The advertisement promotes travel to Yellowstone National Park. Scientific Advances and Thinking Resource Type: Document-Based Question By the late-nineteenth century, science and scientific thought influenced American intellectual life and culture. The documents attached to this DBQ allow students to assess how the achievements of science were both admired and feared. Kodak Camera Ad Resource Type: Primary Source This advertisement for Kodak cameras appeared in a 1900 issue of the magazine Youth's Companion. Remington Typewriter Company Ad Resource Type: Primary Source In a 1905 advertisement, the Remington Typewriter Company used two letters by Mark Twain to illustrate how his attitude toward the typewriter had changed over a period of thirty years. Out in the Automobile Resource Type: Primary Source The comedian Arthur Collins and the tenor Byron Harlan wrote lyrics for many humorous songs. "Out in the Automobile" pokes fun at early-twentieth-century cars. The Principles of Scientific Management Resource Type: Primary Source Frederick W. Taylor was a mechanical engineer who wrote extensively about scientific management, a method of managing groups of people based on scientific principles, as part of progressive notions of efficiency. His ideas influenced business management theory in America and around the world. The Principles of Scientific Management is a collection of his essays published in 1911. Social Darwinism: Its Influence and Legacy Resource Type: Document-Based Question Social Darwinism is usually understood as an ideology that justified survival of the fittest, that argued against government intervention or social reform to improve society. The documents in this DBQ, however, point to the complexity of social-Darwinist thought, considering how a progressive version fueled the Progressive Era and how a conservative strand exerted tremendous influence in American political thought. Sumner on Social Darwinism Resource Type: Primary Source William Graham Sumner was an American social scientist influenced by Herbert Spencer and Charles Darwin. Sumner applied Darwin's evolutionary theory to human society. Carnegie on Wealth Resource Type: Primary Source Andrew Carnegie made millions in the steel industry during the nineteeth century. While he was willing to share his wealth with those less fortunate than himself, he did set certain restrictions, as outlined in his 1889 article "Wealth." Report of the Magdalen Society Resource Type: Primary Source Led by John Robert McDowell, a Princeton divinity student, the Magdalen Society was founded in 1831 to help reform prostitutes living in the Five Points slum. Cholera Epidemic Editorial Resource Type: Primary Source As far away as New Hampshire, editorials denounced the New York cholera epidemic of 1832 as divine retribution for decadence and sin. Sunshine and Shadow in New York Resource Type: Primary Source Sunshine and Shadow in New York, a mid-nineteenth-century publication, depicts New York City as two polar societies, one affluent and vibrant, and one poor and diseased. Black Women and the National Council of Women Resource Type: Primary Source Adella Hunt Logan, a leading member of the Tuskegee Women's Club, argued on behalf of the National Association of Colored Women that black women should be included in the National Council of Women in the United States. Scientific Advances and Thinking Resource Type: Document-Based Question By the late-nineteenth century, science and scientific thought influenced American intellectual life and culture. The documents attached to this DBQ allow students to assess how the achievements of science were both admired and feared. Evolution and Religion Resource Type: Primary Source Reverend Henry Ward Beecher, one of the most famous Congregational preachers of his day, involved himself in controversy when he accepted Charles Darwin's theories of evolution. Social Darwinism: Its Influence and Legacy Resource Type: Document-Based Question Social Darwinism is usually understood as an ideology that justified survival of the fittest, that argued against government intervention or social reform to improve society. The documents in this DBQ, however, point to the complexity of social-Darwinist thought, considering how a progressive version fueled the Progressive Era and how a conservative strand exerted tremendous influence in American political thought. The Political Economist and the Tramp Resource Type: Primary Source In this poem, Phillips Thompson pokes fun at certain notions of Social Darwinism. Sumner on Social Darwinism Resource Type: Primary Source William Graham Sumner was an American social scientist influenced by Herbert Spencer and Charles Darwin. Sumner applied Darwin's evolutionary theory to human society. Carnegie on Wealth Resource Type: Primary Source Andrew Carnegie made millions in the steel industry during the nineteeth century. While he was willing to share his wealth with those less fortunate than himself, he did set certain restrictions, as outlined in his 1889 article "Wealth." The Impact of The Origin of Species Resource Type: Primary Source What struck the popular imagination most forcefully was Darwin's argument that humans and apes shared a common ancestry, and idea often simplified into the equation of man and monkey. This charicature of Charles Darwin appeared in the London Sketch Book (c.1860). Responses of Protestant Leaders Resource Type: Primary Source The prominent preacher and lecturer Henry Ward Beecher (1813-87), whose published works included Evolution and Religion (1885). Intellectual and Cultural History of the United States, 1890-1945—E-Seminar 2, The Search for a Scientific Culture Resource Type: E-Seminar By the end of the nineteenth century, science and technology were exerting a tremendous influence on life in the United States. In this second e-seminar of the series, Casey Nelson Blake explores why Darwin's ideas seemed so revolutionary and how Darwinism helped to move the United States toward a more secular and scientific modern culture. The Progressive View Resource Type: Primary Source The sociologist Lester Frank Ward (1841-1913). City Problems: Poverty and Slums Resource Type: Document-Based Question Exploring the cholera epidemic in mid-nineteenth century New York City, this selection of primary sources provides a case-study of immigration, urbanization (e.g., slums such as the Five Points), and social and moral reform that can be applied to the study of any city in the industrialized world. Report of the Magdalen Society Resource Type: Primary Source Led by John Robert McDowell, a Princeton divinity student, the Magdalen Society was founded in 1831 to help reform prostitutes living in the Five Points slum. Petition to Have the Five Points Opened Resource Type: Primary Source Merchants owning property along the periphery of Five Points petitioned the municipal government in 1829 to demolish the heart of the slum by widening and extending Anthony and Cross Streets. Cholera Outbreak Resource Type: Primary Source This article, written during the cholera epidemic of 1832, conveyed the opinion that only certain social types contracted the deadly disease. Cholera Epidemic Editorial Resource Type: Primary Source As far away as New Hampshire, editorials denounced the New York cholera epidemic of 1832 as divine retribution for decadence and sin. Sunshine and Shadow in New York Resource Type: Primary Source Sunshine and Shadow in New York, a mid-nineteenth-century publication, depicts New York City as two polar societies, one affluent and vibrant, and one poor and diseased. The White Man's Burden Resource Type: Primary Source This cartoon, referring to Rudyard Kipling's poem of the same name, was published as the Spanish-American War ended and the insurrection in the Philippines against the Americans began. Exhibition of American Negroes at World's Fair Resource Type: Primary Source The Exhibition of American Negroes at the 1900 Paris World's Fair tried to show that blacks in America had become part of the American middle class. Board of Indian Commissioner Report Resource Type: Primary Source In this 1905 “Board of Indian Commissioner Report,” the federal government outlines its Indian policy. Sanger on Mammals Resource Type: Primary Source Margaret Sanger became a nationally famous social reformer. Here she teaches children about mammals. Social Darwinism Resource Type: Point-Counterpoint The doctrine of Social Darwinism was historically interpreted in a variety of ways, and as such it was used to defend a host of ideological perspectives, which in some cases conflicted with one another. A teacher examines the competing interpretations of Richard Hofstadter, Robert Bannister, and Mike Hawkins. Social Darwinism Resource Type: Classroom Simulation This simulation captures American society in 1900 and presents a fictional meeting of educators. In their respective roles, students will debate the ways in which educational reform can improve American society. Students will understand how different strands of social-Darwinist thought informed American life, culture, and politics, imposing a legacy which continues to affect American education as well as the larger society. Revolutionary Implications Resource Type: Primary Source "Man is But a Worm": The Punch's Almanack of 1882 carried this depiction of evolution in which life emerges from the fractured word "CHAOS" at lower left, evolves from worm to ape to man, and culminates in the figure of Darwin himself as tragic philosopher. Responses of Protestant Leaders Resource Type: Primary Source The theologian Charles Hodge (1791-1878), who was affiliated with Princeton Theological Seminary for 58 years. The Conservative View Resource Type: Primary Source The sociologist William Graham Sumner (1840-1910). Report of the Magdalen Society Resource Type: Primary Source Led by John Robert McDowell, a Princeton divinity student, the Magdalen Society was founded in 1831 to help reform prostitutes living in the Five Points slum. Annual Report of the Interments Resource Type: Primary Source Dr. John Hoskins Griscom (1809–74), a Quaker physician, founded the New York Academy of Medicine and pioneered the field of public health. His advocacy for sanitation, medical care, and adequate housing led to the great reforms of the Progressive Era after the Civil War. Charles Dickens on the Five Points Resource Type: Primary Source The famed British writer Charles Dickens published his account of his 1842 visit to America, where he found evidence of England's superior class system in the squalor of New York's Five Points slum. How the Other Half Lives Resource Type: Primary Source Newspaper reporters, such as Jacob Riis (1849–1914), played an instrumental role in exposing the destitution and misery of New York's immigrant and working-class neighborhoods. Social Darwinism Resource Type: Point-Counterpoint The doctrine of Social Darwinism was historically interpreted in a variety of ways, and as such it was used to defend a host of ideological perspectives, which in some cases conflicted with one another. A teacher examines the competing interpretations of Richard Hofstadter, Robert Bannister, and Mike Hawkins. The Impact of The Origin of Species Resource Type: Primary Source This cartoon by humorist Thomas Nast appeared in Harper's Weekly (August 19, 1871). Titled "Mr Bergh to the Rescue," the caption reads: "THE DEFRAUDED GORILLA: 'That Man wants to claim my Pedigree. He says he is one of my Descendents.' MR. BERGH: 'Now, MR. DARWIN, how could you insult him so?'" The Impact of The Origin of Species Resource Type: Primary Source Darwinism was charicatured not only in the press but in other forms of popular culture as well. The refrain of this novelty song with music by "O'Rangoutang" is "It certainly is most absurd/ The fact can never be!/ My great grand daddy never was/ A 'Monkey' up a tree" (1874). The Physical World Transformed Resource Type: Primary Source Construction of the Brooklyn Bridge (1875). Intellectual and Cultural History of the United States, 1890-1945—E-Seminar 2, The Search for a Scientific Culture Resource Type: E-Seminar By the end of the nineteenth century, science and technology were exerting a tremendous influence on life in the United States. In this second e-seminar of the series, Casey Nelson Blake explores why Darwin's ideas seemed so revolutionary and how Darwinism helped to move the United States toward a more secular and scientific modern culture. Scientific Advances and Thinking Resource Type: Document-Based Question By the late-nineteenth century, science and scientific thought influenced American intellectual life and culture. The documents attached to this DBQ allow students to assess how the achievements of science were both admired and feared. The Principles of Scientific Management Resource Type: Primary Source Frederick W. Taylor was a mechanical engineer who wrote extensively about scientific management, a method of managing groups of people based on scientific principles, as part of progressive notions of efficiency. His ideas influenced business management theory in America and around the world. The Principles of Scientific Management is a collection of his essays published in 1911. Mechanized Home Laundry Resource Type: Primary Source This drawing dramatically illustrates the increasing mechanization of domestic life during the second decade of the twentieth century. Women and the Progressive Era Resource Type: Document-Based Question The discussion of women at the end of the nineteenth century and beginning of the twentieth century is often separated into different chapters and topics. This DBQ asks students to combine what they have learned about American society and about the changing roles and perceptions of women to evaluate the women's movement during the Progressive Era. Striking Shirtwaist-Makers Selling Socialist Newspaper Resource Type: Primary Source Many Jewish women were very involved in labor and socialist movements, as seen in this 1910 photograph of striking shirtwaist-makers selling copies of The Call, the New York socialist daily. The Rebel Girl Resource Type: Primary Source Joe Hill, lyricist and labor activist, wrote songs for the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), including this tribute to the women involved in the IWW. Social Darwinism: Its Influence and Legacy Resource Type: Document-Based Question Social Darwinism is usually understood as an ideology that justified survival of the fittest, that argued against government intervention or social reform to improve society. The documents in this DBQ, however, point to the complexity of social-Darwinist thought, considering how a progressive version fueled the Progressive Era and how a conservative strand exerted tremendous influence in American political thought. The Political Economist and the Tramp Resource Type: Primary Source In this poem, Phillips Thompson pokes fun at certain notions of Social Darwinism. | |
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